Prevention Guide

Know Your Eye Health
Risk Factors

Many serious eye diseases are preventable — but only if you know what puts you at risk. This interactive guide helps you understand your personal risk profile and what steps to take today.

Your Risk Profile

Check the factors that apply to you

🎂

Age

Critical Factor

After age 40, the risk for cataracts, glaucoma, AMD, and diabetic retinopathy rises significantly. After 60, most people begin to experience some degree of vision change.

How to Protect Yourself

  • Get a dilated eye exam every 1–2 years after age 40
  • Use the Amsler grid regularly to monitor central vision
  • Take our free home eye test every 6 months
🩸

Diabetes

Critical Factor

People with diabetes are at very high risk for diabetic retinopathy, cataracts, and glaucoma. High blood sugar damages blood vessels in the retina, sometimes with no early warning signs.

How to Protect Yourself

  • Annual dilated eye exam — non-negotiable
  • Keep blood glucose, blood pressure, and cholesterol controlled
  • Report any vision changes to your doctor immediately
🧬

Family History

High Factor

Genetics play a major role in glaucoma, macular degeneration, and refractive errors. If a parent or sibling has glaucoma, your risk is 4–9 times higher than the general population.

How to Protect Yourself

  • Share full family eye history with your eye doctor
  • Start screenings earlier if family history exists
  • Alert siblings and children to their elevated risk
☀️

UV Light Exposure

High Factor

Prolonged UV exposure accelerates cataract formation and raises the risk of AMD and other eye cancers. People who spend significant time outdoors without UV-protective eyewear are at elevated risk.

How to Protect Yourself

  • Wear sunglasses with 100% UVA/UVB protection
  • Wear a wide-brimmed hat outdoors
  • Avoid direct sun exposure during peak hours (10am–4pm)
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Digital Eye Strain

Moderate

Hours of screen time per day reduces blink rate by up to 50%, leading to chronic dry eye, headaches, and blurred vision. Children are especially vulnerable as screens become part of education.

How to Protect Yourself

  • Follow the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 min, look 20 ft away for 20 sec
  • Use blue-light filtering glasses or screen settings
  • Ensure proper screen brightness and distance
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Smoking

Critical Factor

Smokers are 2–4 times more likely to develop AMD and cataracts. Smoking damages blood vessels throughout the body — including the tiny vessels in the retina — accelerating degeneration.

How to Protect Yourself

  • Quitting smoking reduces AMD risk even after decades of use
  • Secondhand smoke exposure also increases risk
  • Talk to your doctor about cessation programs
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Eye Care by Age

When to get screened

Regular professional exams at the right ages catch problems before they become irreversible.

Birth – 5 Years

Pediatric Vision Screening

Newborns should be checked by a pediatrician. Children aged 3–4 should receive a formal vision test to catch amblyopia, strabismus, and congenital conditions early while they're still treatable.

6 – 18 Years

School-Age Annual Checks

Myopia (nearsightedness) progresses rapidly during school years. Annual vision testing helps ensure children can see the board, read, and perform physically without strain.

18 – 40 Years

Baseline Exam + Every 2 Years

Establish a baseline eye health record. Those with risk factors (diabetes, family history, medications) should be seen annually. Everyone else every two years.

40 – 60 Years

Annual Dilated Eye Exam

Glaucoma, AMD, diabetic retinopathy, and cataracts all begin to emerge in this window. Annual dilated exams become critical. Presbyopia (reading difficulty) also typically begins.

60+ Years

Every 6–12 Months

The risk for all major eye diseases peaks. More frequent monitoring, Amsler grid home tests, and prompt reporting of any vision changes to your eye doctor are essential.

Start with a free home test

Use our clinically-designed vision charts to do a quick baseline check — for you and your whole family.

Take the Free Eye Test →
🎯 My Risk Checker

Check all that apply to estimate your general eye health risk level.

Low Risk
Select factors above to assess your risk level.
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